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Hist' o^ Cclumloity 







cfes Fig's 



Book 






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THE 



OF THE — 






SENATE AND HOUSE OF REPRESEiTATllS 



UlSriTEID ST^A^TES, 



TOUCHING THE RELATIONS BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES 
AND THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. 




WASHINGTON CITY : 

Thomas McGill & Co., Printers and Stereotype) 
1877. 







^^^-^^"^^^ 



To the Senate and House of RepresentaMves: 

The anomalous condition of afFairs in the District of Coluni- 
]}ia, affecting most injuriously the fortunes and happiness of 
its citizens, has induced a voluntary association of tax-payers, 
for the purpose of soliciting from the Congress of the United 
States such remedial and beneiicial legislation as maybe just 
and expedient. They appeal to Congress, because the Federal 
Constitution has invested that body with supreme and exclus- 
ive ledslative power in this District — with the same absolute 
control and authority as it exercises over the National forts, 
arsenals, magazines, and navy-yards — and it is, therefore, to 
the beneficent exercise of this plenary authority done, that 
they can look for relief. 

This association of tax-payers, known as " The Committee 
of 100," initiated their proceedings by the appointment of 
various sub-committees, for the purpose of obtaining such 
special and rehable information in the several departments 
of local administration as will lurnish a proper basis and 
guide for the relief and legislation wdiich they ask of Con- 
gress. These committees, composed of citizens famihar with 
the operations of the departments severally assigned to them, 
have reported ; and we are charged by the association witli 
the duty of huing before Congress a condensed statement of 
the material facts contained in these reports, together with 
such additional information as we may be able to present. 

Improvements of Streets, &c. 

The present site of the city of Washington, emln'acing an 
area of 7,161 acres, was, on 29th June, 1791, conveyed by 
Daniel Carroll and others to the United States, in trust, " to 
be laid out for a federal city, with such streets, squares, and 
parcels, and lots as the President of the United States, for 
the time being, shall approve ; " and on the further trust, 
that all the sfmis, together with such squares, parcels, and 



lots as the President should select and reserve for puhlic use, 
should be held forever, " for the use of the United States," 
the Government paying for the lands so reserved at the rate 
of £25 ($66.66) per acre ; and the residue of lots to be fairl}' 
and equally divided between the United States and the 
grantors. 

The lands reserved by President Washington under this 
grant aggregate 541 acres ; and thus the United States, for 
the consideration of $36,000, acquired title to 5,653 acres, or 
uearlj four ffths of the entire area of the city, viz: 

Area of streets, - - - - - - 3,604 acres. 

" reservations, - - - - 541 " 

" lots donated, - - - - 1,508 " 



Total, ^ 5,653 " 

It was further provided m these deeds, that the moiety of 
lots donated to the Government should be sold, and that the 
proceeds, after payment to the proprietors of the |36,000 due 
for the reservations, should be held by the United States as 
a " grant of money," to be applied toward the erection of the 
public buildings, &c, under the act of Congress of 16th July, 
1790, for establishing the permanent seat of Government; 
and it appears that the fund derived from this gift, notwith- 
standing its improvident management, paid, not only the 
$36,000 due the proprietors, but also the cost of erecting the 
public buildings prepared for the reception of the Govern- 
ment in 1800, and of their restoration after destruction by 
the British in the war of 1812. 

It is a ftict, then, that the public buildings originally pro- 
vided for the use of the Government, and the 541 acres of 
public reservations, now worth from $25,000,000 to $30,- 
000,000, together with all the streets and avenues of the city, 
were a fi^ee gift to the United States from the original pro- 
prietors. And the title of the Government, as ratified by the 
State of Maryland, and confirmed by the Supreme Court of 
the United States, is so complete and absolute, that Congress 
may at any time close and occupy, and even alienate, any of 



the streets, and the owners of lots afrected thereby be with- 
out redress. Even the moiety of lots winch fell to the pro- 
prietors, in the division of the residue above referred to, was 
reconveyed to them, subject to such regulations as might be 
prescribed by the President in regard, not only to the use 
and improvement of the streets, but also to the *-' materials 
and manner" of the huildings to be erected thereon. And 
the control of private property thus reserved was freely exer- 
cised by the Government in the early period of the city's 
history. 

The plan of the city, as approved by Washington, is on a 
scale of unprecedented magnificence; with streets, 90 to 160 
feet in width, covering more than half its area ; and, at the 
period of its foundation, and for many years thereafter, it was 
without population, or resources of any Idnd ; the improve- 
ment of its streets, and the building of sewers, bridges, &c., 
being the sole and exclusive care of the Government and its 
agents. It was not until 1812, that the Corporation of Wash 
ington and the Levy Court of the County were authorized to 
open and improve the streets and roads. 

From the facts here stated, it is apparent that WashingtoL 
was projected by its founders for a purely national city, to be 
governed and improved exclusively by Congress, without re 
gard, in a legal sense, to the voice or wishes of its citizeuK. 
And, although the appropriations by Congress, for general 
improvements in tliis District, have never been at all com- 
mensurate with the princely grant under which the Govern- 
ment now holds nearly a hundred millions of real estate, or 
with the grand design and expectations of the founders of the 
Kepublic and of its capital, as manifested by their early acts, 
they have at all times admitted the national obligations and 
responsibilties in this regard. 

See Report of Senator Southard, 2d Feb., 1835. 
" of Senator Brown, 15th May, 1858. 

" " of House Committee on D. of C, 13th 
May, 1872. 

" " House Committee on Judiciary, 1st June, 
1874. 



See Report Joint Committee of Two Houses, 7th 
Dec, 1874. 
" " Joint Committee of Two Houses, 1876. 

And these various expressions by Congressional Commit- 
tees have l)een zealously seconded in many of the Executive 
messages to Congress. 

A careful inquiry into the comparative expenditures by 
the local and federal Governments, for streets, sewers, and 
other improvements, for the connnon benefit, shows, that 
while the appropriations by Congress for these objects, up to 
the present, do not exceed $6,000,000, the District Govern- 
ment has expended for the same purposes not less than 
S-35,000,000 ; which sum, is represented ])y a debt of about 
$23,000,000, and. the balance of $12,000,000 has been fur- 
nished, in cash, by the tax-payers of the District. 

It further appears, that these expenditures by the local 
Government, except $9,000,000, expended prior to 1871, were 
made, and $15,000,000 of this oppressive debt contracted, by 
agents of the United States, over Avhom the citizens of the 
District had no control whatever, and for whose acts, there- 
fore, they are in no manner responsible. 

The federal property, equal Ij" with that of private owners, 
has shared tke general benefit of these expenditures ; but, in 
addition to this, a large portion thereof has been expended 
in front of the various public reservations : by a single im- 
provement made recently by the District Government, viz, 
filling the canal, and improving B street, from Seventeenth 
street eastwardly, more than fifty acres of land, valued at 
^2,500,000, have been reclaimed and added to the Govern- 
ment Park fronting thereon. It is claimed that the $6,000,- 
000 of federal expenditures has not, by several millions, re- 
imbursed the local Government for improvements, by which 
the public property has been speciallij benefited. 

As in the beginning, the Federal City was without popu- 
lation or resources to which its founders could look for its 
development and improvement, so also, at the present time, 
it is wholly without means, either of wealth or industry, to 



meet tlie enormous outliiys, necessitated l)y the magnificence 
of its plan. It has no business, except what is based on the 
wants of its citizens and of the Government service ; one half 
of its property, and the ])est half, is owned by the United 
States, and pays no taxes; and the other half is now^ mort- 
gaged for more than one fourth o1^ its value by a debt conr 
tracted in exhausting and paralyzing efforts to mal^ it what 
its patriotic founders designed it to be — a Ndtioiial Capital, 
worthy of the name it bears. Several millions of doUarS; 
are now required to renew its decayed and almost impass- 
able streets. Where shall its ah-eady over-burdened tax- 
payers look for aid and relief, except to the Congi^ess of the 
United States. 

From the facts here presented, the inference is plain that 
the United States and our tax-pa}ing citizens, as partners or 
tenants-in-common in this District, are bound, respectively, to 
contribute a just and equal share of the funds necessary to de- 
\'elop and improve the common property ; and that the United 
States, having exclusive and absolute title to the streets and 
avenues of the city, as well as to the public grounds and 
buildings, (which alone give value to the property of citi- 
zens,) and being clothed by the Constitution with, plenary 
and exclusive power of control and administration, the Gov- 
ernment is under special ^obligations to furnish its share. 

It i-? equally clear, that the tax-payers of the District have 
already and uniformly contributed more than their eqml share 
of these improvements. Will not the Government, with 
equal fidelity to its high trusts, discharge the obligations re- 
quired alike by its constitutional relations to the Dis-trict, and 
]\v justice to its citizens ? 

Taxation. 

The facts before us on this important sui)ject are briefly 
these : 

The as^^essment of the taxable property of the District, for 
the fiscal vear endins: 30th June, 1878, is— 



6 

For real estate ^97,672,228 

For personal property 9,052,335 

Total ,?106,724,563 

The value of Federal property, according to assessment 
made in 1873, is, for real estate alone, S95,986,156. 

This assessment of real estate owned hy individuals is he- 
lieved hy the assessors to he at least twenty per cent, 
moi'e than its actual present value ; and wdien this fact, in 
connection with the enormous levies of special taxes, is con- 
sidered, it may he confidently asserted that the hurden of 
taxation imposed on the private property of this District is 
greater than that home hy any other communit}^ in the 
United States, while its resources, in proportion to popula- 
tion, are less. For it must he borne in mind that the rate of 
taxation, ($1.50 on the §100) moderate as it may seem, is 
levied on less than one half of the real estate of the District, 
which is thus made to hear the burden of the whole. 

Tlie people of this District have also, since 1863, paid into 
the Treasury of the Ignited States, under the internal revenue 
law, §4,695,119, or more than has been paid by all the other 
territories com])ined — more than has been paid by the States 
of Arkansas, Florida, Kansas, ^linnesota, Nebraska, or Or- 
egon. This single item of Federal taxation levied on tlie 
industries of our citizens has nearly reimbursed the Govern- 
ment for all of its appropriations for improvements in the 
District. 

The effects of this excessive taxation demonstrate that we 
do not exaggerate the case. 
The arrears of general taxes for 1875, 1876, and 

1877, amount to the sum of $990,253 

Arreai's of personal taxes for 1877 56,425 

$1,046,678 
Arreai-s of special taxes 2,122,866 

Total arreai'E $3,169,544 



It is estimated that more than tivo fifths of the entire real 
estate beloni?ing to citizens is now held by the District ot 
Columbia, mider purchases at tax sales. A penalty ot two 
per cent, per month is running against all property m a-rrears 
for smeml taxes; and the tax-lien certificates, issued for ar- 
rears of special taxes, (a large amount of ffhich are now held 
by banks,) bear interest at the rate of ten per cent, per annum. 
And if we add to all this the expense of tax sales, and ot ju- 
dicial proceedings against dehnquents, it is apparent that, 
without speedy relief, the District Government will soon be 
possessed of more than half of the property of its citizens 

For confirmation of this statement, we refer to the able 
report of the Hon A. H. Buckner, Chairman of House Com- 
mittee on the District of Columbia, made 1st July, 18 < b. 

The District Assessors express the opinion that the tax ot 
SI 50 on the $100, le^-ied under act of the last Congress on 
hwested funds, must have a disastrous effect on the revenues 
of the District, by expellmg a large amount of wealth which 
would otherwise find a home here, and thus depreciating the 
value of real estate and other taxable property. 

It takes from holders of bonds, mortgages, &c., one fourth 
of their income to pay their taxes, and thus ofiers a strong 
temptation to fraud and perjury. The experience here, as i 
has been in other places, demonstrates that a high tax on hi. 
class of property is most unequal in its operation, as well as 
impolitic and demoralizing. 

Finance and Debt. 

The Commissioners of the District estimate that an_ annual 
revenue of §8,000,000 is required to meet the vaiious ex- 
penses of local administration, interest on debt, sinking fund, 
and for improvements and repairs of stree s, &c , and that 
moderate levies on the taxable property of the District may 
confidently be reli.ed on to furnish one half of this sum, or 

*^The'St of the District may be briefly stated as follows : 



8 

Old funded debt, authorized by Congress. . . $8,379,691 96 
Fifty-year l)onds, 3.65, guaranteed by Con- 
gress .' 13,743,250 00 

Floating debt 1,014,000 00 

Total $23,136,941 96 



Charities and Penal Institutions. 

F]'om the latest reports made l^y the various charital^le 
and benevolent mstitutions in the District which receive aid 
from Congress, it appears ih.?Lt fifty-eight per cevt. of the bene- 
iiciaries are non-residents ; and from the report of Commis- 
sioner Luby, for the present year, we take these figures relat- 
ing to the District Almshouse and Workhouse, viz : 

Of 428 paupers admitted to the Almshouse, but 69 were 
ilatives of the District. 

Of 1,695 offenders committed to the Workhouse, only 455 
were natives of the District. 

Public Schools. 

Official reports show that while the rate of taxation in this 
District, for the support of Public Schools, is nearly double 
that in most of the large cities of the Union, the means of 
education are wholly inadequate to the wants of our popula- 
tion. We have expended for this object, in the last six 
years, nearly $2,400,000, and yet 104 of our schools, repre- 
senting 6,240 scholars, are compelled to occupy rented rooms, 
wholly unfitted for the purpose, and menacing to the health 
of our children. The sum of $400,000 is required to supply 
this deficiency of school buildings, and an additional appro- 
[triation of $75,000 is needed to keep our schools in operation 
to the close of.the present school-year. 

While all the Territories, and most* of the States of the 
Union have received from Congress numificent grants of the 
public lands, in aid of education, not an acre has been granted 
to the District of Columbia — the IS^ation's Capital — and the 



9 

appropriations of money by Congress for this object are insig- 
nificant. 

This injnstice to the District seems the greater, when we 
consider the fact tliat one third of onr scliool revenue is 
devoted to the education of colored children, invited here 
from the surrounding States by recent action of Congress, 
and whose parents as a rule pay no taxes ; and that 30 ])er 
cent, of the ivhite pupils in our schools are the children of 
persons connected with the public service, and who, for the 
most part, are mere sojoui-ners and non-taxpayers. Thus, 
while the States furnish 60 per cent, of the beneficiaries 
of our schools, they throw the entire l)urden of their sup- 
port on the 40 per cent, of tax-paying citizens. It is more 
than they can bear. 

Fire Depaetment. 

The efficiency of this branch of local administration, so 
necessary for the protection of pul)Uc as well as private 
property, is greatly impaired by reason of insufficient appro- 
priatioiis. The sum of $100,000 is now required to supply 
necessary apparatus, and an increased annual appropriation 
of §30,000 is needed to maintain a proper standard of effi- 
ciency. The local govenmient is wholly unable to furnish 
these additional sums. 

Police. 

Sections 366, 367, 368, of the Revised Statutes, applicable 
to the District of Columbia, provide for the payment by the 
United States of two thirds of the expense of maintaining the 
police department of the District, But the last Congress, 
without changing this rule of apportionment, appropriated but 
8150,000, instead of |205,270, the amount required under the 
ratio established by law, and which had theretofore been ap- 
propriated. A deficiency of §55,270 was thus created, and 
the District Commissioners being without the means to sup- 
ply this deficiency, the result has beein and must continue to 
be, a gradual dinuwdlon, instead of a gradual increase, of the 



10 

force, as required by the growth of population and the wants 
of the service. The Government, equally with the citizens 
of the District, is benefited by the general jmtrol service of 
the force ; and the details for special service which it requires 
employ continuously at least one third of the entire force. 
The greater part of arrests are for violations of the United 
States laws, and the revenue derived from fines goes directly 
into the federal treasury. There seems, therefore, to be no 
sufiicient reason for the reduced appropriation of last year. 

Light. 

]S"early the entire expense of lighting the cities of Wash- 
ington and Georgetown, including lamps on streets around 
the pubUc grounds and buildings, is paid by the District Gov- 
ernment. Tlie United States pays for no lamps, except those 
located on the public reservations. About $163,000 were 
expended for light during the past year, and of this sum the 
Government paid but $6,312.40. 

Public Health and Harbor Improvement. 

To no city in the Union is a well-regulated sanitary system 
more important than to this capital of the nation. Located, 
like most tide-water cities, in a malarial region, and the resort 
of a large transient population, from all sections of a vast and 
highly diversified country, with every variety of climate, 
Washington is peculiarly liable to epidemic visitations. And 
the fact that it is also the oflicial residence of the chief func- 
tionaries of the Federal Government, — Executive, Legisla- 
tive, and Judicial, — and of a large number of public em- 
ployees of all grades, renders its sanitary condition an 
important factor for maintaining the efficiency of the public 
service. 

Recoornizins: the force of these considerations, Cono-ress 
has already admitted its obligations in the premises, by justly 
and ^\dsely providing, in part, for the support of the present 
Board of Health. 



11 

But there is at our doors an evil that no such organiza- 
tion can reach, and which, if not arrested, may become a 
prohiic source of disease and death. The marshes which 
skirt the entire front of our city, are the growth of years 
of neglect of the commercial and sanitary interests of the na- 
tion's capital. The remedy is to be found only in a judicious 
plan of harbor improvement, by which the health and com- 
merce of the city will be alike promoted. Congress has 
lavished millions on the rivers and harbors of the country, 
in localities, too, whose claims to national consideration are 
insigniticant as compared with Washington ; while compara- 
tiveV nothing has been done for the harbor of its capital, 
or for the navigation of a great river, which has capacity 
to float its navy and to sustain a vast marine commerce. 
Happily, too, in'^ this case, the Government being owner, 
under the munificent grant before alluded to, of nearly the 
entire ivate7- front of the city, the cost of such an improve- 
ment, though large, would be more than reimbursed by the 
vahie of several hundred acres of land which would thereby 
be reclaimed and added to adjacent parks, and to the Arsenal 
and Xavy Yard Keservations. 

Legislation. 

Having now, in obedience to our instructions, briefly 
presented such facts and considerations as aftect the relations 
and duties of the Government to the District of Columbia, 
we take the liberty of herewith placing before Congress 
the form of a bill, which, if speedily enacted into law, 
will be gratefully acknowledged by our fellow citizens, and 
reUeve them, in part at least,, of a burden which they can no 
Ioniser carry. We venture to aftirm, in conclusion, that the 
municipal resources of no city in the land, however rich and 
^reat it may be, are equal to the task of developing and 
maintaining its improvements on the scale of magniflcence 
which its founders have given to the plan of this capital of a 
great nation. Surely the least that we can ask is, that Con- 
gress will share with us the burden of this common heritage. 



12 

Will they not yield us this measure of justice ? This capital 
is the property of the nation; will not the nation aid in taking- 
care of its own ? 



Respectfully submitted, 

J. M. AViLSON, 

Joseph Casey, 
C. F. Peck, 
Joseph Shillixgtox. 

S. V. NiLES, 

Jo si AH Dent, 
W. S. Cox, 
C. B. Church, 
B. G. LovE.JOY, 
W. H. Clagett, 



w. w. corcorax, 
8. 11. Kauffmax, 
Wm. Dixon, 
A. Y. P. Garnett, 

L. A. GOBRIGHT, 

M. W. Galt, 
A. T. Britton, 
Thos. p. Morgan, 
Wm. Stickney, 
Lewis J. Davis, 

CominUtee. 



AVashixgtox, D. C, November 21, 1877 



Be it enafted hij the Senate and House of Eeprescritatkcs of the 
United States of Am eric i in Ccyncjress assembled, That the proper 
executive aulliorities of the District of Columbia shall, in ac- 
cordance with existing laws, estimate annually and report 
tlirouo-ii the Seci-etarv of the Treasury, at the beo:innin2: of 
each session, to Congress, the amount necessary to dei ray the 
expenses and pay tlie accruing indel>tedness of the Govern- 
ment of the District of Columbia fr.r tlie next iiscal year; 
and to the extent to which the said estimates shall be ap- 
proved, Congress shall appropriate the amount of fifty per 
centum tliereof, and the remaining lifty per centum thereof 
sliall be levied upon the property in said District, other than 
tlie property of the United States and of the District of 
Coluni1)ia, and shall be collected in the manner provided by 
law for the collection of taxes in said District. 



CITIZENS' COMMITTEE OF ONE HUNDRED. 



Joseph Casey, 
John T. Given, 



Pcrmrment Chairman, 
Geo. W. Riggs. 

Vice-Presidents, 
L. J. Davis, IT 



Alexander Ray, 

A. Pollock, 
Geo. W. Riggs, 
W. F. 3Jatthi^gly, 
Jno. T. Given, 
Benj. G. Lovejoy, 
Thos. P. Morgan, 
Horace Capron, 
Jos. L. Semmes, 
Josiali Dent, 

B. D. Carpenter, 
E. G. Davis, 
Jos. Casey, 
Wm. M. Gait, 
Jno. F. Ennis, 

J. Ormond Wilson, 
Jas. L. Barbour, 
Wm. H. Claggett, 
John A. Baker, 
H. A. Willard, 
S. A. H. Marks, 



C. S. Notes, 

Secretary, 
Jno. a. Baker. 

Treasurer, 
R. C. Fox. 

Riclid. Wallach, 
Wm. B. Webb, 
Nath'l Wilson, 
S. Y. Niles, 
Geo. Taylor, 
W. G. Metzerott, 
Jas. E. Fitch, 
Jas. E. Morgan, 
Jno. Marbnry, Jr., 
Jas. Goddard, 
Jno. Saul, 
L. J. Davis, 
R. C. Fox, 
H. Semken, 
Edw'd Temple, 
B[oratio King, 
Jno. Van Riswick, 
A. M. Smith, 
W. D. Baldwin, 
Geo. :M. Oyster, 
John Hitz, 



D. K. Cartter, 
John T. Mitchell. 



Arthur ]McArthur, 
W. W. Corcoran, 
Walter S. Cox, 
M. W. Beveridge, 
Geo. W. Cochran, 
M. F. Morris, 
J. II. Saville, 
Jno. T. Mitchell, 
Chas. M. Matthews, 
E. J. Middleton, Jr., 
Wm. Ballantyne, 
Crosby S. Noyes, 
W. S.'^ Thompson, 
S. J. Bo wen, 
A. L. Barber, 
M. G. Emery, 
J. II. Cook, 
A. T. Britton, 
Eugene Carusi, 
Thos. Somerville, 
L. W. Kennedy, 



14 



Horatio Browning, 
C. B. Church, 
Wm. J. Stephenson 
E. F. Beale, 
John F. Cook, 
C. D. Maxwell, 
Jas. G. Berrett, 
David Hunter, 
Jas. AVormley, 

C. C. Willarcl, 
Wm. Orme, 
Adolphus Pickerell, 
E. G. Dean, 
John W. Boteler, 
John Markriter, 
Samuel Bacon, 
Thos. J. Durant, 
Wm. Jackson, 
Geo. W. Adams, 
J. M. Wilson, 

A. M. Clapp, 
Walter D. Davidge, 
Alex. R. Shepherd, 
John H. Peake, 
Jos. T. Stevens, 
Jno. E. Herrold, 
Theo. Roessle, 
Thos. L. Hume, 
Jno. McDermott, 
Wm. S. Teel, 

D. C. Forney, 
W. B. Moses, 
Wm. B. Shaw, 
D. W. Bartlett, 
Wm. R. Smith, 
Wm. H. Morrison, 
Wm. H. Beck, 

Z. L. Wliite, 



Geo. A. Bohrer, 
Geo. Wliite, 
,Benj. F. Lloyd, 
Wm. H. Philip, 
Wm. G. Moore, 
L. W. Yail, 
W. W. Curtis, 
Marshall Brown, 
J. A. J. Creswell, 
Jno. W.Thompson, 
J. C. Harkness, 
Conway Robinson, 
B. T. Swart, 
S. H. Kauflinan, 
Wm. Dixon, 
Jos. Shillington, 
Jos. Holt, 

E. E. White, 

F. A. Richardson, 
Sam'l Shellabarger, 
John E. i^orris, 

J. J. Johnson, 
J. M. Brodhead, 
W. W. Wilhams, 
D. K Cartter, 
H. A. Clarke, 
Wm. Stickney, 
Jno. E. ThompsoA, 
Jos. Redfern, 
Jno. F. Clarke, 
I. N. Burritt, 
L. A. Gohright, 
W. Scott Smith, 
Ben. Perley Poore, 
Sam'l Norment, 
Wm. Williams, 
W. Koch, 
H. M. Sweeny, 



R. W. Tompkins, 
Ed. N. Gray, 
J. AY. Wright, 
A. S. Solomons, 
A. Ross Ray, 
M. W. Gait, 
Chas. F. Peck, 
Enoch Totten, 
:N". W. Burchell, 
Titian J. CoiFey, 
John D. McPherson, 

A. Christie, 
Chas. Edmonston, 
Danl. B. Clarke, 
G. Lansburgh, 
Wright Rives, 

C. B. Purvis, 
John Bailey, 
Marcus S. Hopldns, 
John Lynch, 

J. C. Miller, 

B. H. Warner, 
G. R. Wilson, 

D. W. Middleton,jr. 
Andrew Wylie, 
Henry Lee, 
Andrew J. Joyce, 
W. M. Shuster, 

P. M. Dubant, 
Donn Piatt, 
Jno. Morris, 
Wm. H. Clarke, 
H. Y. Boynton, 
Justin E. Colburn, 
R. B. Mohun, 
H. Clay Stewart, 
Thos. J. Brashears, 
J. G. Judd, 



15 



Wm. Dickson, 
Beverly Tucker, 



R. W. Downman, 

A. Y. P. Garnett, 

J. C. G. Kennedj, P. F. Bacon, 

Johnson Elliott, Sam'l G. Biisey, 

Wm. Birney, 

J. M. Edmunds, 



Wm. R. Riley, 
J. C. Kennedy, 
T. C. Cox, 



T. M. Hanson, 
Jno. Pettibone, 
Jno. B. Blake, 
J. P. Klingle, 
J. M. Toner, 
J. M. Van Buskirk, 
S. M. Golden. 



Lewis J. Davis, 
Richard Wallach, 
S. J. Bowen, 
M. W. Gait, 
Wm. H. PhiHp, 
S. Y. Mies, 
A. T. Britton, 
Wm. M. Gait, 
Thos. P. Morgan, 
J. G. Berrett, 
Wm. Ballantyne, 
Horatio King, 
Geo. A. Bohrer, 
Jno. F. Ennis, 
H. A. Willard, 
E. F. Beale, 
C. S. !N"oyes, 
Josiah Dent, 



Executive Committee. 

W. W. Corcoran. 
Geo. Taylor, 
Arthur McArthur, 
L. A. Gobright, 
Wm. G. Metzerott, 
Chas. M. Matthews, 
B. G. Love joy, 
A. Y. P. Garnett, 
Wm. Stickney, 
Conway Robinson, 
Andrew Wylie, 
W. D. Davidge, 
John Hitz, 
Jeremiah Wilson, 
J. M. Yan Buskirk, 
A. S. Solomons, 
Geo. W. Riggs, 
D. K. Cartter, 
James E. Fitch, 



Walter S. Cox, 
Wm. H. Claggett, 
William Dixon, 
Jno. F. Cook, 
J. M. Edmunds, 
C. B. Church, 
R. C. Fox, 
Jas. L. Barbour, 
S. H. Kauffman, 
John A. Baker, 
Joseph Shillington, 
W. M. Beveridge, 
E. J. Middleton, jr., 
Jos. L. Simms, 
Chas. F. Peck. 
Jno. T. Given, 
Jno. T. Mitchell, 
Jno. B. Clarke. 



Committee on Improvements. 



Jno. Yan Riswick, 
Thomas L. Hume, 
Henry A. Clark, 
H. Clay Stewart, 
J. AY. Wright, 



M. W. Gait. 

Jno. C. Harkness, Sayles J. Bowen, 

C. B. Purvis, Wright Rives, 

Wm. M. Shuster, A. R. Shepherd, 

Wm. R. Smith, W. D. Baldwin, 

Horace Capron, L. W. Kennedy, 



16 

Henry A. Willard, A. M. Sn.ith, A. L. Earlier 

James GocWai-d, Josial. Dent, C. C. Willard. 

Wm. G. Moore, Chas. ]). .Alaxwell, 

Committee on Taxation. 
Wm. H. Clasjgett. 
ym. Dixon, Geo. W. Cochran, .T„o. F. Cook 

G. Lansburgh, Xathaniel Wilson. Jno. W. Boteler 

•'• ''■ Johnson, R. W. Tompkins, 

Committee on District Finewces. 
W. W. Corcoran. 

Dan 1 B. Charke, Samuel Norment, J. C. G. Kennedy 
J. H. W. Saville. •*' 

Committee on County Statistics. 
Conway Eobinson. 
E. J Middleton,Jr., A. Christie, B. j). Carpenter, 

B. r.bwart, J.P.Klingle, John Saul! 

^- ^- ^e-'"' S. M. Golden. 

Committee on Legislatiem. 
Walter S. Cox. 
Wm E Webb, M. F. Morris, Walter D.Davido-e 

Enoch lotten, Engene Carusi, Wn. F. Mattin^ly" 

A. G. Riddle. "^ ' ' 

Committee on Public Schools. 

W. A\ . Curtis J. 0,„,ond Wilson, Jno. E. Thompson, 

Jas.A\ormley, Benj. F. Lloyd. 

Committee on Health Department. 
A. Y. P. Garnett, 

TnoB^i' J- -^^- '^^°"-. S. A. H. Marks. 

Jno. B. Kake, Peter Parker, Johnson Eliott ' 

J as. E. Morgan, Jno. Marbury, Jr. 



17 



Committee on Harbor Improvements. 

Chas. B. Church, 
Alex. Ray, W. J. Stephenson, Chas. Eclmonstou 

Sam'l Bacon, E. E. White, John Pettibone, 

John Marbnry, Jr., Wm. Birney. 

Committee on Charities. 

Wm. Stickney, 
H. Semken, M. G. Emery, A. S. Solomons. 

eJohn. H. Cook, A. Pollock. 

Committee on Police Department. 
A. T. Britton, 
P. F. Bacon, John Marl^nter, E. G. Davis, 

Wm. S. Thompson, Geo. White, Thos. Somerville. 

Committee on Fire Department. 
Thomas P. Morgan, 
Geo. M. Oyster, Wm. Dickson, Joseph Kedfern, 

Geo. R. Wilson, E. N. Gray, P. M. Dubant. 

Committee on Press. 
L. A. Gobright, 
A M. Clapp, John Lynch, J. C. Miller, 

Donn Piatt, D. C. Eorney, I. N. Burritt, 

John Morris, Wm. H. Clark. 

Committee on Finance. 
Wm. Dixon, 
Jas. L. Barbour, B. H. Warner, R. W. Downman, 

D.W. Middleton, Jr. Horatio Browning. 

Committee on Printing. 
S. H. Kaufman, 
J. G. Judd, Rich'd Medium, Jas. E. Fitch, 

Wm. II. Morrison. 



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